Cold Forging
Cold forging is the preferred choice when the forged parts require very little or no finishing work to save production cost and yet delivering an overall good surface finish.
Coining
In coining, a relatively soft material is subjected to extremely high pressures in a confined die to produce coins, medallions and similar objects on flat stock with a well-defined imprint of the die faces.
The coining operation is either performed in single station dies or progressive dies and can be considered as a special type of closed die forging where the lateral surfaces are restrained.
The proper steel selection for the application depends primarily on the work material type, strength, thickness and work piece geometry. Most critical failure mechanisms are chipping, cracking, galling, adhesive wear and plastic deformation.
Cold Heading
In cold heading, the force developed by one or more blows of a heading tool is employed to upset the material in a portion of a wire or rod blank to form a section either of a different contour or of a larger cross-section than the original.
The proper steel selection for the application depends primarily on the work material type, strength, thickness and work piece geometry. Most critical failure mechanisms are cracking, abrasive wear, galling and plastic deformation.
Cutlery
Cutlery is a special form of coining (see above) except that here it is used to produce tableware and similar objects on flat stock with a well-defined imprint on the die faces. Production of tableware - cutlery - is normally made in single station dies.
The proper steel selection for the application depends primarily on the work material type, strength, thickness and work piece geometry. The most critical failure mechanisms are cracking, abrasive wear, galling and plastic deformation.
SuperClean powder steels like Vanadis 4 Extra SuperClean and Vancron 40 SuperClean are especially suitable for these cold forging processes.